Mushroom incubator
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The aims of this study are to evaluate and find optimal temperature and nutritional conditions for mycelium growth of two oyster mushroom species including PO and PC for the mushroom spawn production.Įffect of different culture media on the mycelium growthĮvery living being requires food for its growth and reproduction and oyster mushrooms are not an exception to it. The main factors that affected mycelium growth for processing of spawn production include cultural media, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources, grain sources, and lignocellulosic substrate sources. The process of cultivating oyster mushrooms has 3 main steps: isolating mushroom from fruiting bodies, preparing primary and secondary spawn, and cultivating mushrooms from these spawns to harvest fruiting bodies. These medicinal values of Pleurotus species are due to the chemical composition or nutrition of these mushrooms. Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) also possesses antitumor activity and it has hypoglycaemic effects in experimentally induced diabetics. Pleurotus cystidiosus (PC) is a strong antioxidant. Several species of oyster mushrooms are very important in the field of medicine. Pleurotus species contain high rate of potassium to sodium, which makes mushrooms an ideal food for patients suffering from hypertension and heart diseases. Mushroom protein is intermediate between that of animals and vegetables and it is of superior quality because of the presence of all the essential amino acids. Pleurotus species are a rich source of proteins, minerals (P, Ca, Fe, K, and Na) and vitamin (thiamine, riboflavin, folic acid, and niacin). Their nutritional value can be compared to that of eggs, milk and meat. In general, mushrooms contain 90% of water and 10% of dry mater. Moreover, they are able to colonize and degrade a large variety of lignocellulosic materials and other wastes which are produced in agricultural, forest and food-processing industries. They have high economical, ecological, and medicinal values. Pleurotus species are efficient lignin degraders which can grow on a wide variety of agricultural wastes and grown at a wide range of temperatures. Pleurotus species are popular and widely cultivated throughout the world mostly in Asia, America and Europe because of their simple, low cost production technology and high biological efficiency. Among all species of mushroom, the oyster mushroom is the second widely cultivated mushroom worldwide following the Agaricus bisporus. Oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus species) belongs to the family of Tricholomataceae and is usually found clustering naturally on dead trees at spring season. In addition, sugarcane residue, acasia sawdust and corn cob were selected as favourable lignocellulosic substrate sources for mycelium growth of both oyster mushrooms.
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Brown rice was found to be the most favourable for mycelium growth of two oyster mushroom species. Ammonium chloride concentrations at 0.03~0.09% and 0.03~0.05% also gave the greatest values in mycelium colony diameter of mushroom PO and PC. Whereas glucose, dextrose, and sucrose as carbon sources gave the good mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PC, and at 1~3% sucrose concentration, mycelium colony diameter of PC was achieved the maximum value. Mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PO was improved by carbon sources such as glucose, molasses, and at 1~5% sucrose concentration, mycelium colony diameter of mushroom PO was achieved the highest value. The optimal temperature for mycelium growth of both oyster mushroom species was obtained at 28℃. The results of the experiment indicated that potato dextrose agar (PDA) and yam dextrose agar (YDA) were the most suitable media for the mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PO while four media (PDA, YDA, sweet potato dextrose agar, and malt extract agar medium) were not significantly different in supporting mycelium growth of oyster mushroom PC. The influences of temperature and nutritional conditions on the mycelium growth of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) and Pleurotus cystidiosus (PC) were investigated in laboratory experiment during the summer season of 2014.